Browsing the archives for the Sabbath year tag

REDISTRIBUTING THE REDISTRIBUTION (OF THE DISTRIBUTION) OF WEALTH . . . A BIBLICAL MANDATE

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It may have begin with Michele Obama’s comment about “cutting the pie more fairly.” It gained momentum with Barach Obama’s conversation with Joe the Plumber, about a more level playing field. “Now he wants to redistribute wealth!” Rush shouted. “See, we were right all along, he’s a Marxist,” blustered Sean Hannity. “Hear this, Mrs. Obama,” responded Glenn Beck, his eyes steeled, as he leaned toward the camera, “you keep your hands off my piece of the pie!” I, too, share a passionate concern about wealth redistribution – the one that occurred from the mid-70’s to the present! I want to “redistribute the re-distribution,” and I’ll look through a biblical lens.

From the end of WWII to the mid-70’s a “rising tide lifted all (well, almost all) boats” – robust macroeconomic trends realized at the micro-level.  At differing trajectories all segments of the U.S. economy, most households across the socioeconomic spectrum shared in expanding prosperity, experiencing financial gain.  The gap between rich and poor actually narrowed.  But from 1975 to the present that trend dramatically changed – a rapid and massive wealth re-distribution.

It is early to “numb out” in the face of statistics, forgetting that human faces peer from beneath the data.  The rich/poor divide has widened at a staggering rate, increasing threefold over the last thirty years.  Across that span annual income increased just 2% for 90% of us, while the top 1% increased 57%, with that top 1% now controlling wealth equal to the lower 80% combined.  One in six of our children are poor and 37 million of us live below the poverty line, while CEO-to-worker income ratio expanded from 43-1 in 1975 to 344-1 in 2008.  A chief executive, who once had to work ten days to match a worker’s annual income, can leave the office by mid-afternoon on any given day to match that worker’s yearly salary.

Speaking closer to home, perhaps uncomfortable so: if I have assets of $2,200 (my current checking account balance), I position in the global population’s top 50%; assets of $61,000 (the equity in my home) the top 10%.  I went to www.globalrichlist.com and punched in my annual income (pension, Social Security and investment income), a modest total compared to most people I know, to discover that I am in the .93 percentile globally and the top 1.7 percentile in the U.S.

The redistribution has already occurred!  

Beneath policies and strategies – “positions” be they ideological, political or economic, philosophical or theological – are basic values and principles, a prevailing ideal, a sense of what is right and just.  As a progressive Christian I look to the Bible for guidance.  I would suggest that a foundational, pervasive, definitional dynamic is (re)distribution of wealth (land, resources, nutrition and housing, education and health care).  This theme is central, dominant and at the core of the biblical vision of life on the planet.  Space here just to bullet a few:

  • The lengthy sojourn in the wilderness called the Exodus coaxed the Hebrews to abandon the economics of “too much” with an economics of “enough,” the provision of manna the daily lesson, and a plan for equitable distribution of the Promised Land by tribe and family, profiled in the Book of Numbers, a “distribution plan.”
  • As if God knew growing inequalities were inevitable across a generation or two, “redistribution strategies” are outlined in detail, every seventh year a Sabbath Year and every fiftieth a Jubilee Year, with sweeping instructions for re-distribution of wealth.
  • Scholars suggest that in Jesus inaugural sermon, declaring “the acceptable year of the Lord,” may well have been re-instating the lapsed Sabbath and Jubilee observances.
  • More recent study asserts that Jesus overturning of the money-changers tables was a symbolic “overturning” of the economic system that advantaged the already rich on the backs of the poor.
  • St. Paul’s most focused description of “charity” (2 Corinthians 8 & 9) might be better named a teaching about “justice,” generosity grounded in a theology of re-distribution.

How to craft and implement just and timely “redistribution plans” can be a matter for crisp and vigorous public debate, but whether to address this matter, from a biblical perspective, is not an option but a mandate.

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RECOVERY OR RELAPSE? Biblical Resources for Our Economic Future

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Is there a word from the Lord?  This anguished question – spoken aloud or uttered in secret – cries out to present-day Jeremiahs.  Retirees bagging groceries, their grandkids interrupting college; unmanageable mortgages and bankruptcies; the unemployed, sharing the news or keeping it secret.  Unsettling feelings—anxiety, fear, or sheer panic; discomfort, sadness, or depression; sleepless nights and days of agitation.  People need a pastor.  Is there a word from the Lord?  If only we could return to October 2007, the Dow at 13,000, we muse.  When an addict “goes back” it is called relapse, not recovery.  Dare I suggest that our desire to go back economically is addiction from which we must recover?

Unsustainable, unjust and unfulfilling

The economy we must leave behind was environmentally unsustainable.   Our environment is like a bank account—deposits and withdrawals must be balanced to maintain viability and longevity.  Sustainability requires depletion at the rate of global replenishment and waste production at earth’s capacity to absorb it.  Global deforestation, rapid loss of arable land, “dead zones” clogging the mouths of rivers or floating toxic islands in the world’s oceans, massive depletion of the large fish population.  Unfettered globalization, unbridled growth accelerates momentum toward global environmental collapse.   It was socially unjust.  The quarter century after World War II a “rising tide did lift all boats.”  Wealth generation rose steadily and equitably.  Dramatically in the ’80s, precipitously in the ’90s, the gap between the rich and the non-rich dramatically widened.  And it was spiritually and psychologically unfulfilling, spawning the highest rate of mental illness in the world, 700,000 treated daily for alcoholism, 75 percent of physician appointments for stress-related conditions.  Loneliness and isolation are epidemic, what researchers term “symptoms of malaise,” with suicide rates steadily increasing.  Drug wars are fought abroad, with U.S. drug consumption the highest per capita on the planet.

Toward Biblically Based Economics

The biblical tradition offers foundational themes and core elements for a more environmentally sustainable, socially just, and spiritually fulfilling economics.  Let me offer eight.

1. Creation EconomicsBounty and Abundance

In the creation story’s repeated phrase – and God saw that it was good – “good” is an exuberant, scintillating, pulsating word better translated “bountiful, overflowing, lavish.”  Our planet can produce food enough to feed seven times its population, every nation potentially food self-sufficient. Worldwide hunger is thoroughly unnecessary, a travesty and embarrassment.  The earth can produce abundance for all, so scarcity is a contrived, not an intrinsic, issue.  

2. Manna EconomicsEnough

In Egypt the Hebrews knew only imperial economics, wealth concentrated in the hands of an elite minority, an economics of accumulation resting on the backs of an enslaved people. The “two weeks walk that took forty years” and buried and birthed an entire generation, trained a people for an ethic of sufficiency.  Manna, nourishing and tasty, plentiful but unable to be hoarded, demonstrated that enough is plenty.

3. Promised Land EconomicsFair Distribution

The Book of Numbers offers stories of intrigue and frustration, preparing a people for freedom. Finally glimpsing that “land flowing with milk and honey,” the land is assigned:  each tribe’s allotment based on population, that land divided among tribal families equitably.

4. Sabbath and Jubilee EconomicsRedistributio 

Inequality, over time, becomes inevitable – luck, differing degrees of healthiness and heartiness, the vagaries of weather – a second generation, then a third inheriting a legacy of gain or loss.  Yahweh proposed correctives to re-level the playing field – yes “strategies of redistribution.”  The Sabbath and Jubilee years with their sweeping redistribution agendas. 

5. Nazareth EconomicsJubilee Reaffirmed

Jesus sermon at Nazareth appears to renew the Jubilee year, sounding of a core theme of Jesus’ mission and ministry, a theme echoing resoundingly in Luke’s gospel – the political, economic and social thrust of Luke’s Beatitudes; the “evidence” offered to John the Baptist’s query; Luke’s fragment of the Lord’s Prayer; and the twin feast stories, the best seats reserved for the poor and disabled.

6. Table-Turning Economics – Status Quo Upended 

Jesus mini-rampage in the Temple, over-turning the tables of merchants and tax collectors, seems not so much to protect worship space as to symbolically “overturn” an unjust economy featuring collusion of a Roman, Jewish and ecclesiastical cabal.  (In the prophetic tradition: challenging unjust business persons and an unjust economic system).

7. Barnabas EconomicsRadical Commonalit 

The evidence is unassailable and unambiguous: that the radical economic sharing advocated and practiced by Jesus became normative in the early church.  Resources were held in common, even capital reserves liquidated. No one was in need.  This sharing was practiced with exuberance, communal deepening and shared joy. 

8. Corinthian EconomicsJustice, not Charity

2 Corinthians 8 and 9 profiles Paul’s theology of giving, justice not charity, a call to a “fair balance” between one person’s abundance and another’s need, “the one who had much did not have too much, and the one who had little did not have too little” –the “abundance of the rich” met by the “abundance of the poor.”

AN URGENT, UNAVOIDABLE, ESSENTIAL FINAL WORD

These words are a challenge to pastors and everyday Christians to renew the message and movement of the prophets.  But who wants to go there?! Amos and Micah spoke their prophetic truth and scurried out of town. They intermittently threw Jeremiah into the nearest cistern. Only the power of Jesus’ person saved him from summary execution after his Nazareth sermon.  Speaking truth to power is risky business.  Such prophets are grounded in a spiritual practice, walk the talk of a new economics, wean from consumerism and materialism, re-visit their family expense budget as a moral document.  A daunting, daring, humble calling!

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